Linear Regression¶
Linear models with independently and identically distributed errors, and for errors with heteroscedasticity or autocorrelation. This module allows estimation by ordinary least squares (OLS), weighted least squares (WLS), generalized least squares (GLS), and feasible generalized least squares with autocorrelated AR(p) errors.
See Module Reference for commands and arguments.
Examples¶
# Load modules and data
import numpy as np
import statsmodels.api as sm
spector_data = sm.datasets.spector.load()
spector_data.exog = sm.add_constant(spector_data.exog, prepend=False)
# Fit and summarize OLS model
mod = sm.OLS(spector_data.endog, spector_data.exog)
res = mod.fit()
print(res.summary())
Detailed examples can be found here:
Technical Documentation¶
The statistical model is assumed to be
, where
depending on the assumption on , we have currently four classes available
- GLS : generalized least squares for arbitrary covariance
- OLS : ordinary least squares for i.i.d. errors
- WLS : weighted least squares for heteroskedastic errors
- GLSAR : feasible generalized least squares with autocorrelated AR(p) errors
All regression models define the same methods and follow the same structure, and can be used in a similar fashion. Some of them contain additional model specific methods and attributes.
GLS is the superclass of the other regression classes.
References¶
General reference for regression models:
- D.C. Montgomery and E.A. Peck. “Introduction to Linear Regression Analysis.” 2nd. Ed., Wiley, 1992.
Econometrics references for regression models:
- R.Davidson and J.G. MacKinnon. “Econometric Theory and Methods,” Oxford, 2004.
- W.Green. “Econometric Analysis,” 5th ed., Pearson, 2003.
Attributes¶
The following is more verbose description of the attributes which is mostly common to all regression classes
- pinv_wexog : array
- pinv_wexog is the p x n Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse of thewhitened design matrix. Approximately equal towhere is given by
- cholsimgainv : array
- n x n upper triangular matrix such that
- df_model : float
- The model degrees of freedom is equal to p - 1, where p is the number of regressors. Note that the intercept is not counted as using a degree of freedom here.
- df_resid : float
- The residual degrees of freedom is equal to the number of observations n less the number of parameters p. Note that the intercept is counted as using a degree of freedom here.
- llf : float
- The value of the likelihood function of the fitted model.
- nobs : float
- The number of observations n
- normalized_cov_params : array
- A p x p array
- sigma : array
- sigma is the n x n strucutre of the covariance matrix of the error terms
- wexog : array
- wexog is the whitened design matrix.
- wendog : array
- The whitened response variable.
Module Reference¶
Model Classes¶
OLS (endog[, exog, missing, hasconst]) |
A simple ordinary least squares model. |
GLS (endog, exog[, sigma, missing, hasconst]) |
Generalized least squares model with a general covariance structure. |
WLS (endog, exog[, weights, missing, hasconst]) |
A regression model with diagonal but non-identity covariance structure. |
GLSAR (endog[, exog, rho, missing]) |
A regression model with an AR(p) covariance structure. |
yule_walker (X[, order, method, df, inv, demean]) |
Estimate AR(p) parameters from a sequence X using Yule-Walker equation. |
QuantReg (endog, exog, **kwargs) |
Quantile Regression |
Results Classes¶
Fitting a linear regression model returns a results class. OLS has a specific results class with some additional methods compared to the results class of the other linear models.
RegressionResults (model, params[, ...]) |
This class summarizes the fit of a linear regression model. |
OLSResults (model, params[, ...]) |
Results class for for an OLS model. |
QuantRegResults (model, params[, ...]) |
Results instance for the QuantReg model |