statsmodels.stats.proportion.proportions_ztest

statsmodels.stats.proportion.proportions_ztest(count, nobs, value=None, alternative='two-sided', prop_var=False)[source]

Test for proportions based on normal (z) test

Parameters:
  • count (integer or array_like) – the number of successes in nobs trials. If this is array_like, then the assumption is that this represents the number of successes for each independent sample
  • nobs (integer or array-like) – the number of trials or observations, with the same length as count.
  • value (float, array_like or None, optional) – This is the value of the null hypothesis equal to the proportion in the case of a one sample test. In the case of a two-sample test, the null hypothesis is that prop[0] - prop[1] = value, where prop is the proportion in the two samples. If not provided value = 0 and the null is prop[0] = prop[1]
  • alternative (string in ['two-sided', 'smaller', 'larger']) – The alternative hypothesis can be either two-sided or one of the one- sided tests, smaller means that the alternative hypothesis is prop < value and larger means prop > value. In the two sample test, smaller means that the alternative hypothesis is p1 < p2 and larger means p1 > p2 where p1 is the proportion of the first sample and p2 of the second one.
  • prop_var (False or float in (0, 1)) – If prop_var is false, then the variance of the proportion estimate is calculated based on the sample proportion. Alternatively, a proportion can be specified to calculate this variance. Common use case is to use the proportion under the Null hypothesis to specify the variance of the proportion estimate.
Returns:

  • zstat (float) – test statistic for the z-test
  • p-value (float) – p-value for the z-test

Examples

>>> count = 5
>>> nobs = 83
>>> value = .05
>>> stat, pval = proportions_ztest(count, nobs, value)
>>> print('{0:0.3f}'.format(pval))
0.695

>>> import numpy as np
>>> from statsmodels.stats.proportion import proportions_ztest
>>> count = np.array([5, 12])
>>> nobs = np.array([83, 99])
>>> stat, pval = proportions_ztest(counts, nobs)
>>> print('{0:0.3f}'.format(pval))
0.159

Notes

This uses a simple normal test for proportions. It should be the same as running the mean z-test on the data encoded 1 for event and 0 for no event so that the sum corresponds to the count.

In the one and two sample cases with two-sided alternative, this test produces the same p-value as proportions_chisquare, since the chisquare is the distribution of the square of a standard normal distribution.